In today's rapidly developing era of intelligence and autonomy, unmanned systems (such as UAVs, UGVs, and USVs) have become a vital force in national defense, emergency response, industry, and scientific research. To achieve multi-machine collaboration, remote control, and real-time data transmission, the wireless communication link is the core of the system. One of the most representative technologies in this field is the Wireless Ad-Hoc Network (WANET).

A wireless ad-hoc network is a distributed wireless network architecture that does not require a fixed base station or central node. All nodes can simultaneously act as terminals and relays, achieving automatic information forwarding and dynamic connection through multi-hop routing technology. In other words, the network can automatically form, maintain, and repair communication paths based on the addition, movement, or disconnection of nodes, possessing extremely high flexibility and resilience.

This "self-organizing and self-healing" characteristic makes it ideal for use in complex, unknown, or infrastructure-deficient environments for unmanned systems, such as tactical missions, disaster relief, forest monitoring, and border patrol.

In UAV swarm operations or industrial missions, traditional point-to-point links often struggle to meet the dynamic communication demands of complex environments. Wireless ad hoc networks achieve "swarm communication" through multi-node collaboration, offering the following significant advantages:

Multi-UAV Cooperative Control: Each UAV can act as a node, sharing location, speed, and mission data in real time via the Ad Hoc network, enabling formation flight and mission coordination.

Long-Range and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Transmission: Data can be automatically forwarded via multi-hop relays, maintaining stable communication even when some UAVs are behind obstacles.

High Reliability and Interference Resistance: Through dynamic routing and frequency hopping mechanisms, the network automatically selects the optimal path in interference environments, ensuring uninterrupted command and video signals.

Rapid Deployment and Self-Healing: When a node goes offline or is damaged, the network automatically reconstructs the path, ensuring uninterrupted communication.

In practical and industrial applications, such as disaster search and rescue, terrain mapping, forest fire prevention, and power line inspection, Ad Hoc networks have become an indispensable communication support for multi-UAV systems.

UGVs are primarily used for urban patrols, mining operations, battlefield reconnaissance, and special operations. These scenarios often involve severe signal obstruction and complex environments, rendering traditional base station communication ineffective. Wireless ad hoc networks enable UGVs to form a mesh-like communication network on the ground:

Low-latency data exchange between vehicles is possible, supporting collaborative obstacle avoidance, path planning, and real-time control.

Long-distance transmission between vehicles and the command center is achieved through multi-hop relays, maintaining communication even when buildings obstruct the connection between the control center and the target vehicle.

Synchronous transmission of video and telemetry data: The high-bandwidth ad hoc network can simultaneously carry high-definition video and control signals, providing a stable link for unmanned driving and remote operation.

Currently, high-performance wireless ad hoc network products (such as the IWAVE FDM series) are combining Software-Defined Radio (SDR) and Mesh self-healing network technology to achieve higher bandwidth (100 Mbps+), lower latency (<20 ms), and stronger NLOS performance.

The convergence of these technologies enables unmanned system communication to move from "single-machine control" to "swarm intelligence," achieving true distributed intelligent collaboration.

In the future, whether in urban emergency communication, military reconnaissance networks, or industrial robot swarms and intelligent logistics, wireless ad hoc network technology will become one of the core communication standards for unmanned systems.

With its autonomous networking, self-healing, and decentralized characteristics, wireless ad hoc networks provide secure, efficient, and reliable communication solutions for drones, unmanned vehicles, and other autonomous systems. With the further integration of 5G, SDR, and AI algorithms, Ad-Hoc networks will play an even more crucial role in future unmanned swarm communication.

Advanced wireless link modules such as the FDM-6825PTM represent this trend, laying a solid foundation for future intelligent unmanned communication networks.